René Descartes

Plagued with doubt and uncertainty in sensory knowledge, Descartes is struck with the idea that everything he knows is false. He considers the possibility that he has been deceived by an "evil demon" and is left with nothing to lean on, until he arrives at the phrase "cogito ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"). Clinging to this, he proceeds to reconstruct his doubted world and redefine his understanding. 

Among the most quoted philosophical works in history, Meditations on First Philosophy and Discourse on the Method together display the full workings of Descartes’ sceptical method and the formation of his famous phrase. Meditations sees him apply the method in a quest to find indisputable knowledge, while Discourse is his exposition of the technique.

Mark Meadows

Naxos Audiobooks

Meditations on First Philosophy and Discourse on the Method

John Veitch

Elizabeth Haldane

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