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93: Unsolved Math Problems & Video Game Controllers w/ Ellen WeatherfordWait... ELLA is doing a math topic?? Not only that but she finds the beauty in searching for answers among the toughest math problems. Then, friend of the show Ellen Weatherford takes us through a tour of video game controllers. My favorite is the- wait how did we end up talking about World War 2?? Images we Talk About: Tesseract Gif Tennis for Two Controllers Magnavox Odyssey Game.com Timestamps: (00:00:00) Intro (00:03:05) Unsolved Math Problems (00:54:47) Video Game Controllers (01:46:42) Outro Support us with a Max Fun Membership! Join our Discord! We also learn about: Today Caroline is played by Tom and Tom is played by Ellen, I’ll fall on the bad british accent sword for our guests, Ellen speed runs failing math, famous bad lawyer Fermat, I’m learning about math?? from Ella??? Ellen’s Last Theorem: lentil’s cure cancer, “mathematics like any science requires advancements and research and discovery”, basic math starts as early as mesopotamia, a brief history of mathematics, I gotta make math to describe this apple, math begets math, new ways to solve old problems, is this problem hard or will it take thousands of years to solve, the oldest unsolved math problem is 2000 years old, you’re scientifically wrong that all numbers are perfect, we know of 52 perfect numbers, merseene primes and perfect numbers, we don’t know if odd perfect numbers exist, Hilbert’s 23 unsolved math problems, it’s not the answers to the questions - its the tools built to solve them, new list just dropped - the millenium prize problems, the million dollar prize doesn’t account for inflation, the power of an interesting question, multidimensional play-doh, bumblebee - the tesseract! the poincare conjecture had only not been solved in the third dimension, perelman turns down the fields medal, they can offer a million cause if you solve it you’re only thinking about play-doh and 10 dimensions, is the mellenium prize problematic? eh, after researching a lot… the Riemann hypothesis actually probably won’t break cryptography, pure mathematics deserves the benefit of the doubt for its purpose, go forth with Ella’s blessing, new Ella loves math and libertarianism, I don’t know if the convergent evolution argument for controllers holds up in court, Ellen’s radical definition of a game, I don’t think the gate should be closed but don’t push me through it, the murky search for the first video game, Birdy the Brain - the Tic Tac Toe machine, controllers transmit human intention into a computer, some of the first controllers used dials, I was going to say the manhattan project as a joke, a brief and unexpected nuclear disarment detour, Higinbotham doesn’t like being remembered for tennis for two, Space War! the Magnavox Odyssey, some controllers were tabletop not handheld, Atari stole pong, the anatomy of a controller, stolen valor for logitech controllers piloting submarines, kids and parents learning to use controllers, Ella thought RT and RB meant top and bottom, rumble is purely for experience not input, the game.com had the first touch screen, a urinal controlled driving game, interviewing resident elderly expert Donna Jones. Sources: MacTutor: Pierre Fermat Biography Wiki: Fermat's Last Theorem MacTutor: History of Mathematics Simon Fraser University: A Brief History of Mathematics Medium:The Oldest Unsolved Problem in Math Pillars Taylor University: Odd Perfect Numbers Royal Society: David Hilbert Simons Foundation: Hilbert’s Problems Clay Institute: The Millennium Prize Problems Nature News: Maths 'Nobel' Prize Declined By Russian recluse Anatoly Vershik: Thoughts on the Clay Millennium Prizes BBC In Our Time: The Poincare Conjecture Medium: The Poincaré Conjecture [BBC News: Russian Maths Genius Perelman Urged to Take $1m Prize](BBC News - Russian maths genius Perelman urged to take $1m prize) Clay Mathematics Institute: Riemann Hypothesis --- Probably the Oldest Interactive Electronic Game - Jeremy Norman’s History of Information “Bertie the Brain Still Lives” - Popular Mechanics “Tennis for Two – A Pioneer in the Video Game Industry” - GameSpeak Mag “Who was Willy Higinbotham?” - Federation of American Scientists “Spacewar!” - Museum of Play “The Magnavox Odyssey: The Forgotten Pioneer of Gaming Consoles” - Slashgear Bad Game Hall of Fame “Place to pee: new Belgian urinal-based video game” - Ars Technica “Sega Begins Sales of Urine-Powered 'Toylet' Videogame” - Wired Perifit Care, Original Kegel Exerciser

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89: Understanding Blood & Peculiar PercussionBlood! We all have it, but how much do we know about it? And more importantly, what was the journey of understanding to get there? And just how deep can the history of these peculiar percussion instruments go? Well we'll be criss-crossing across the planet today to find out! Images we Talk About: The Quijada Son Jarocho Quijada Video The Clapper The Clapper in Performance Timestamps: (00:00:00) Intro (00:01:35) Understanding Blood (00:49:38) Peculiar Percussion (01:24:41) Outro Support us with a Max Fun Membership! Join our Discord! We also learn about: 5 liters of blood over 60,000 miles, humoral theory, phlegm - yellow bile - black bile - blood, I’m from house sanguine - our fire is strongest in our season of spring, humoral theory was around for 1500 YEARS, blood letting, a leeches detour just for Caroline, very few leeches actually suck blood, the exportation of leeches for blood letting made them endangered, we nearly killed the leeches in nearly killing us, leeches are sometimes used today after reconstructive surgery for their enzymes, Nafis’ circulatory system would not be believed for 400 YEARS, these time skips are killing me, Harvey was ALSO NOT BELIEVED, we stan Harvey cause he got witches acquitted, the government and church’s ban on blood transfusions, 1818 was the first recorded successful transfusion, 1658 Jan Swammerdam first saw “oval particles” but this was 7 years before the word “cell” was used, pop quiz on what the parts of blood do, don’t draw your blood while driving, blue and green blood in crustaceans and leeches, antigens and antibodies, “I hope this will be of some use to mankind”, sodium citrate helped blood stay fresh for transfusion, god medicine fucking rules, we reinvented humors with blood personality types, the humors are stored on the antigens obviously, “do you know what my blood type is, for no reason, I’m fine, it’s a podcast thing”, Tom has a slumdog millionaire moment because he was working on another video, there are 48 recognized blood groups each with dozens of antigens, having your own bloodtype means having your own bespoke horoscope, we’re averaging one blood group discovered a year, the journey of understanding blood is the journey of science, it’s hard to tell if rocks were used for a cup song routine, Caroline & Ella fall in love with the quijada, it’s a literal death rattle, “play my bones when I die”, make a jawbone that won’t break, the much sillier vibraslap can still sound good, vibraslap on All Along the Watchtower, the whip/clapper/slap stick, comedia dell’arte, the slap stick was a literal stick to make a slap sound, the christmas rise in slapsticks, the armenia alchemist Avedis Zildjian, since we were working with metal we went listen to this taaah tah tah taaah, a perfeclty clear cymbal is just a bell, a cymbal is crafted chaos to sound good, mmm this wine is very trash but not pingy, now we know Ella’s partner wasn’t just making shit up about cymbal sounds, confirming our sources for this wild Zildjian story, what do you think about this instrument?? I can’t stop making chocolate cymbals! Ringo made people want to drum, finding out Sabian is from the Zildjian family is like finding out Wendy’s last name is McDonald, a percussionist can literally touch history from all across the world, it’s about the reviews we don’t read. Sources: Science Museum: Blood J Thromb Haemost: Discovery of the Cardiovascular System Contagion - CURIOSity Digital Collections: Humoral Theory MedicineNet: Is Bloodletting Still Used Today? Fresh Water Habitats Press Release: Medicinal Leech Breeding The New Yorker: The History of Blood NCBI Book: The ABO Blood groups Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science: The Discovery of Blood Cells Red Cross Blood Services: History Of Blood Transfusions 1628 To Now NCBI Bookshelf: Blood and the Cells it Contains The Conversation: Essays on blood: why do we actually have it? Blood at 70: its roots in the history of hematology and its birth PMC: A Brief History of Human Blood Groups Japan Experience: Blood Types in Japan The Conversation: More Blood Types than you Think CBS News: New Blood Type The Conversation: Gwada-negative --- Kabeleh Bah Playing the Quijada Salsa Blanca on the Quijada John Jeremiah Sullivan on the Quijada Son Jarocho Quijada Video History of the Vibraslap Boston Symphony Orchestra on Shostakovich’s Cello Concerto No 2 Britannica on Slapstick's Etymology The AMNH's Slap Stick The Cymbal Test Video NPR on Zildjian's History NYT on Zildjian's History

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