Kelly Mass

Geronimo, a legendary Apache leader and medicine man from the Bedonkohe band, played a pivotal role in resisting Mexican and American military forces during the 19th century. Between 1850 and 1886, he worked with warriors from three other Chiricahua Apache bands—Tchihende, Tsokanende, and Nednhi—to carry out daring raids and resist encroachments on Apache lands. Their campaigns spanned northern Mexico, including the states of Chihuahua and Sonora, and the southwestern territories of the United States, particularly New Mexico and Arizona. 

This era of conflict was part of the broader Apache–United States struggle, which arose after American colonization of Apache territories following the conclusion of the U.S.-Mexico War in 1848. For the Apaches, life on government-imposed reservations clashed with their fiercely independent spirit and traditional nomadic lifestyle. Geronimo emerged as a key figure leading resistance against these constraints. Despite his reputation, Geronimo was not a chief of the Chiricahua or Bedonkohe bands. However, his exceptional skills as a leader in raids and warfare earned him the loyalty of many Apache warriors, often commanding between 30 and 50 fighters at a time.

Kelly Fraser

Efalon Acies

Geronimo: The Influential Medicine Man of the Apache Tribe

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