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#1 Oleg Kalugin, who was the KGB’s chief of counterintelligence from 1974 to 1982, said that the Soviet Union first targeted foreign elections a century ago. They would provide money and support to people they thought would be friendly and change their countries’ foreign and domestic policies.
#2 Secret funding is perhaps the oldest form of covert electoral interference. It allows political campaigns to better target, turn out, and manipulate the masses. In 1919, Lenin laid the groundwork for such operations at a pivotal conference in Moscow.
#3 The first Red Scare occurred in the United States in 1919, and it was followed by a similar crisis in the United Kingdom in 1924. The Comintern was funding the British Communist Party, which was covertly interfering in the affairs of another nation.
#4 The Comintern, the Soviet Union’s international organization, had become Stalin’s liability. It had alienated democracies like the United Kingdom and the United States. The Soviet Union had intervened in foreign elections, and its existence was untenable.
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