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Michael Kennedy

Talk Python to Me is a weekly podcast hosted by developer and entrepreneur Michael Kennedy. We dive
 deep into the popular packages and software developers, data scientists, and incredible hobbyists doing
 amazing things with Python. If you're new to Python, you'll quickly learn the ins and outs of the community
 by hearing from the leaders. And if you've been Pythoning for years, you'll learn about your favorite
 packages and the hot new ones coming out of open source.

Talk Python To Me

Monorepos -- you've heard the talks, you've read the blog posts, maybe you've seen a few tantalizing glimpses into how Google or Meta organize their massive codebases. But it's often in the abstract and behind closed doors. What if you could crack open a real, production monorepo, one with over a million lines of Python and over 100 of sub-packages, and actually see how it's built, step by step, using modern tools and standards? That's exactly what Apache Airflow gives us. 

On this episode, I sit down with Jarek Potiuk and Amogh Desai, two of Airflow's top contributors, to go inside one of the largest open-source Python monorepos in the world and learn how they manage it with uv, pyproject.toml, and the latest packaging standards, so you can apply those same patterns to your own projects.

Episode sponsors

Agentic AI Course

Python in Production

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Amogh Desai: github.com

Jarek's GitHub: github.com

definition of a monorepo: monorepo.tools

airflow: airflow.apache.org

Activity: github.com

OpenAI: airflowsummit.org

Part 1. Pains of big modular Python projects: medium.com

Part 2. Modern Python packaging standards and tools for monorepos: medium.com

Part 3. Monorepo on steroids - modular prek hooks: medium.com

Part 4. Shared “static” libraries in Airflow monorepo: medium.com

PEP-440: peps.python.org

PEP-517: peps.python.org

PEP-518: peps.python.org

PEP-566: peps.python.org

PEP-561: peps.python.org

PEP-660: peps.python.org

PEP-621: peps.python.org

PEP-685: peps.python.org

PEP-723: peps.python.org

PEP-735: peps.python.org

uv: docs.astral.sh

uv workspaces: blobs.talkpython.fm

prek.j178.dev: prek.j178.dev

your presentation at FOSDEM26: fosdem.org

Tallyman: github.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #540 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/540

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#540: Modern Python monorepo with uv and prek

You're adding type hints to your Python code, your editor is happy, autocomplete is working great. But then you switch tools and suddenly there are red squiggles everywhere. Who decides what a float annotation actually means? Or whether passing None where an int is expected should be an error? It turns out there's a five-person council dedicated to exactly these questions -- and two brand-new Rust-based type checkers are raising the bar. On this episode, I sit down with three members of the Python Typing Council -- Jelle Zijlstra, Rebecca Chen, and Carl Meyer -- to learn how the type system is governed, where the spec and the type checkers agree and disagree, and get the council's official advice on how much typing is just enough.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Agentic AI Course

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Carl Meyer: github.com

Jelle Zijlstra: jellezijlstra.github.io

Rebecca Chen: github.com

Typing Council: github.com

typing.python.org: typing.python.org

details here: github.com

ty: docs.astral.sh

pyrefly: pyrefly.org

conformance test suite project: github.com

typeshed: github.com

Stub files: mypy.readthedocs.io

Pydantic: pydantic.dev

Beartype: github.com

TOAD AI: github.com

PEP 747 – Annotating Type Forms: peps.python.org

PEP 724 – Stricter Type Guards: peps.python.org

Python Typing Repo (PRs and Issues): github.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #539 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/539

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#539: Catching up with the Python Typing Council

Digital humanities sounds niche, until you realize it can mean a searchable archive of U.S. amendment proposals, Irish folklore, or pigment science in ancient art. Today I’m talking with David Flood from Harvard’s DARTH team about an unglamorous problem: What happens when the grant ends but the website can’t. His answer, static sites, client-side search, and sneaky Python. Let’s dive in.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Command Book

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guest

David Flood: davidaflood.com

DARTH: digitalhumanities.fas.harvard.edu

Amendments Project: digitalhumanities.fas.harvard.edu

Fionn Folklore Database: fionnfolklore.org

Mapping Color in History: iiif.harvard.edu

Apatosaurus: apatosaurus.io

Criticus: github.com

github.com/palewire/django-bakery: github.com

sigsim.acm.org/conf/pads/2026/blog/artifact-evaluation: sigsim.acm.org

Hugo: gohugo.io

Water Stories: waterstories.fas.harvard.edu

Tsumeb Mine Notebook: tmn.fas.harvard.edu

Dharma and Punya: dharmapunya2019.org

Pagefind library: pagefind.app

django_webassembly: github.com

Astro Static Site Generator: astro.build

PageFind Python Lib: pypi.org

Frozen-Flask: frozen-flask.readthedocs.io

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #538 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/538

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#538: Python in Digital Humanities

You love building web apps with Python, and HTMX got you excited about the hypermedia approach -- let the server drive the HTML, skip the JavaScript build step, keep things simple. But then you hit that last 10%: You need Alpine.js for interactivity, your state gets out of sync, and suddenly you're juggling two unrelated libraries that weren't designed to work together. 

What if there was a single 11-kilobyte framework that gave you everything HTMX and Alpine do, and more, with real-time updates, multiplayer collaboration out of the box, and performance so fast you're actually bottlenecked by the monitor's refresh rate? That's Datastar. 

On this episode, I sit down with its creator Delaney Gillilan, core maintainer Ben Croker, and Datastar convert Chris May to explore how this backend-driven, server-sent-events-first framework is changing the way full-stack developers think about the modern web.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Command Book

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Delaney Gillilan: linkedin.com

Ben Croker: x.com

Chris May: everydaysuperpowers.dev

Datastar: data-star.dev

HTMX: htmx.org

AlpineJS: alpinejs.dev

Core Attribute Tour: data-star.dev

data-star.dev/examples: data-star.dev

github.com/starfederation/datastar-python: github.com

VSCode: marketplace.visualstudio.com

OpenVSX: open-vsx.org

PyCharm/Intellij plugin: plugins.jetbrains.com

data-star.dev/datastar_pro: data-star.dev

gg: discord.gg

HTML-ivating your Django web app's experience with HTMX, AlpineJS, and streaming HTML - Chris May: www.youtube.com

Senior Engineer tries Vibe Coding: www.youtube.com

1 Billion Checkboxes: checkboxes.andersmurphy.com

Game of life example: example.andersmurphy.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #537 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/537

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#537: Datastar: Modern web dev, simplified

You've built your FastAPI app, it's running great locally, and now you want to share it with the world. But then reality hits -- containers, load balancers, HTTPS certificates, cloud consoles with 200 options. What if deploying was just one command? That's exactly what Sebastian Ramirez and the FastAPI Cloud team are building. On this episode, I sit down with Sebastian, Patrick Arminio, Savannah Ostrowski, and Jonathan Ehwald to go inside FastAPI Cloud, explore what it means to build a "Pythonic" cloud, and dig into how this commercial venture is actually making FastAPI the open-source project stronger than ever.

Episode sponsors

Command Book

Python in Production

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Sebastián Ramírez: github.com

Savannah Ostrowski: github.com

Patrick Arminio: github.com

Jonathan Ehwald: github.com

FastAPI labs: fastapilabs.com

quickstart: fastapicloud.com

an episode on diskcache: talkpython.fm

Fastar: github.com

FastAPI: The Documentary: www.youtube.com

Tailwind CSS Situation: adams-morning-walk.transistor.fm

FastAPI Job Meme: fastapi.meme

Migrate an Existing Project: fastapicloud.com

Join the waitlist: fastapicloud.com

Talk Python CLI

Talk Python CLI Announcement: talkpython.fm

Talk Python CLI GitHub: github.com

Command Book

Download Command Book: commandbookapp.com

Announcement post: mkennedy.codes

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #536 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/536

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#536: Fly inside FastAPI Cloud

Building on the web is like working with the perfect clay. It’s malleable and can become almost anything. But too often, frameworks try to hide the web’s best parts away from us. Today, we’re looking at PyView, a project that brings the real-time power of Phoenix LiveView directly into the Python world. I'm joined by Larry Ogrodnek to dive into PyView.

Episode sponsors

Talk Python Courses

Python in Production

Links from the show
Guest

Larry Ogrodnek: hachyderm.io

pyview.rocks: pyview.rocks

Phoenix LiveView: github.com

this section: pyview.rocks

Core Concepts: pyview.rocks

Socket and Context: pyview.rocks

Event Handling: pyview.rocks

LiveComponents: pyview.rocks

Routing: pyview.rocks

Templating: pyview.rocks

HTML Templates: pyview.rocks

T-String Templates: pyview.rocks

File Uploads: pyview.rocks

Streams: pyview.rocks

Sessions & Authentication: pyview.rocks

Single-File Apps: pyview.rocks

starlette: starlette.dev

wsproto: github.com

apscheduler: github.com

t-dom project: github.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #535 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/535

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#535: PyView: Real-time Python Web Apps

Your cloud SSD is sitting there, bored, and it would like a job. Today we’re putting it to work with DiskCache, a simple, practical cache built on SQLite that can speed things up without spinning up Redis or extra services. Once you start to see what it can do, a universe of possibilities opens up. We're joined by Vincent Warmerdam to dive into DiskCache.

Episode sponsors

Talk Python Courses

Python in Production

Links from the show
diskcache docs: grantjenks.com

LLM Building Blocks for Python course: training.talkpython.fm

JSONDisk: grantjenks.com

Git Code Archaeology Charts: koaning.github.io

Talk Python Cache Admin UI: blobs.talkpython.fm

Litestream SQLite streaming: litestream.io

Plash hosting: pla.sh

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #534 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/534

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#534: diskcache: Your secret Python perf weapon

Today on Talk Python, the creators behind FastAPI, Flask, Django, Quart, and Litestar get practical about running apps based on their framework in production. Deployment patterns, async gotchas, servers, scaling, and the stuff you only learn at 2 a.m. when the pager goes off. For Django, we have Carlton Gibson and Jeff Triplet. For Flask, we have David Lord and Phil Jones, and on team Litestar we have Janek Nouvertné and Cody Fincher, and finally Sebastián Ramírez from FastAPI is here. Let’s jump in.

Episode sponsors

Talk Python Courses

Python in Production

Links from the show
Guests

David Lord

Janek Nouvertné

Cody Fincher

Philip Jones

Jeff Triplett

Carlton Gibson

Carlton Gibson - Django: github.com

Sebastian Ramirez - FastAPI: github.com

David Lord - Flask: davidism.com

Phil Jones - Flask and Quartz(async): pgjones.dev

Yanik Nouvertne - LiteStar: github.com

Cody Fincher - LiteStar: github.com

Jeff Triplett - Django: jefftriplett.com

Django: www.djangoproject.com

Flask: flask.palletsprojects.com

Quart: quart.palletsprojects.com

Litestar: litestar.dev

FastAPI: fastapi.tiangolo.com

Coolify: coolify.io

ASGI: asgi.readthedocs.io

WSGI (PEP 3333): peps.python.org

Granian: github.com

Hypercorn: github.com

uvicorn: uvicorn.dev

Gunicorn: gunicorn.org

Hypercorn: hypercorn.readthedocs.io

Daphne: github.com

Nginx: nginx.org

Docker: www.docker.com

Kubernetes: kubernetes.io

PostgreSQL: www.postgresql.org

SQLite: www.sqlite.org

Celery: docs.celeryq.dev

SQLAlchemy: www.sqlalchemy.org

Django REST framework: www.django-rest-framework.org

Jinja: jinja.palletsprojects.com

Click: click.palletsprojects.com

HTMX: htmx.org

Server-Sent Events (SSE): developer.mozilla.org

WebSockets (RFC 6455): www.rfc-editor.org

HTTP/2 (RFC 9113): www.rfc-editor.org

HTTP/3 (RFC 9114): www.rfc-editor.org

uv: docs.astral.sh

Amazon Web Services (AWS): aws.amazon.com

Microsoft Azure: azure.microsoft.com

Google Cloud Run: cloud.google.com

Amazon ECS: aws.amazon.com

AlloyDB for PostgreSQL: cloud.google.com

Fly.io: fly.io

Render: render.com

Cloudflare: www.cloudflare.com

Fastly: www.fastly.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #533 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/533

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#533: Web Frameworks in Prod by Their Creators

Python in 2025 is in a delightfully refreshing place: the GIL's days are numbered, packaging is getting sharper tools, and the type checkers are multiplying like gremlins snacking after midnight. On this episode, we have an amazing panel to give us a range of perspectives on what matter in 2025 in Python. We have Barry Warsaw, Brett Cannon, Gregory Kapfhammer, Jodie Burchell, Reuven Lerner, and Thomas Wouters on to give us their thoughts.

Episode sponsors

Seer: AI Debugging, Code talkpython26

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Python Software Foundation (PSF): www.python.org

PEP 810: Explicit lazy imports: peps.python.org

PEP 779: Free-threaded Python is officially supported: peps.python.org

PEP 723: Inline script metadata: peps.python.org

PyCharm: www.jetbrains.com

JetBrains: www.jetbrains.com

Visual Studio Code: code.visualstudio.com

pandas: pandas.pydata.org

PydanticAI: ai.pydantic.dev

OpenAI API docs: platform.openai.com

uv: docs.astral.sh

Hatch: github.com

PDM: pdm-project.org

Poetry: python-poetry.org

Project Jupyter: jupyter.org

JupyterLite: jupyterlite.readthedocs.io

PEP 690: Lazy Imports: peps.python.org

PyTorch: pytorch.org

Python concurrent.futures: docs.python.org

Python Package Index (PyPI): pypi.org

EuroPython: tickets.europython.eu

TensorFlow: www.tensorflow.org

Keras: keras.io

PyCon US: us.pycon.org

NumFOCUS: numfocus.org

Python discussion forum (discuss.python.org): discuss.python.org

Language Server Protocol: microsoft.github.io

mypy: mypy-lang.org

Pyright: github.com

Pylance: marketplace.visualstudio.com

Pyrefly: github.com

ty: github.com

Zuban: docs.zubanls.com

Jedi: jedi.readthedocs.io

GitHub: github.com

PyOhio: www.pyohio.org

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #532 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/532

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#532: 2025 Python Year in Review

Have you ever thought about getting your small product into production, but are worried about the cost of the big cloud providers? Or maybe you think your current cloud service is over-architected and costing you too much? Well, in this episode, we interview Michael Kennedy, author of "Talk Python in Production," a new book that guides you through deploying web apps at scale with right-sized engineering.

Episode sponsors

Seer: AI Debugging, Code talkpython26

Agntcy

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Christopher Trudeau - guest host: www.linkedin.com

Michael's personal site: mkennedy.codes

Talk Python in Production Book: talkpython.fm

glances: github.com

btop: github.com

Uptimekuma: uptimekuma.org

Coolify: coolify.io

Talk Python Blog: talkpython.fm

Hetzner (€20 credit with link): hetzner.cloud

OpalStack: www.opalstack.com

Bunny.net CDN: bunny.net

Galleries from the book: github.com

Pandoc: pandoc.org

Docker: www.docker.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #531 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/531

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#531: Talk Python in Production

See the full show notes for this episode on the website at talkpython.fm/293

#293: Learning how to learn as a developer

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