Fyodor Dostoevsky

Notes from Underground" by Fyodor Dostoevsky is a profound psychological and philosophical novel that explores the depths of human consciousness and self-destruction. Written in the form of a confessional monologue, the novel follows an unnamed narrator, a bitter and isolated former civil servant, as he reflects on his own contradictions, resentments, and the absurdities of existence.

Divided into two parts, the book first presents the narrator’s philosophical musings, filled with self-loathing, defiance, and reflections on free will, rationality, and human nature. The second part recounts episodes from his past, including humiliating encounters with former acquaintances and a tragic interaction with a young woman, exposing his inability to connect with others and his deep existential anguish.

Considered one of the first existentialist novels, Notes from Underground challenges notions of logic, morality, and individual freedom, offering a raw and unsettling insight into the complexities of the human mind.

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