Frank Manchel

“A worthy successor to Every Step a Struggle . . . the contributions to American cinema of these determined and courageous rebels will never be forgotten.” —Denise Youngblood, author ofCinematic Cold War

While Every Step a Struggle recalled the performers who fought to give black artists a voice and a presence in film and on stage, this new ground-breaking book focuses on the personalities who replaced the pioneers and refused to abide by Jim Crow traditions. Presented against a detailed background of the revolutionary post-World War II era up to the mid-1970s, the individual views of Mae Mercer, Brock Peters, Jim Brown, Ivan Dixon, James Whitmore, William Marshall and Ruby Dee in heretofore unpublished conversations from the past reveal just how tumultuous and extraordinary the technological, political, and social changes were for the artists and the film industry. Using extensive documentation, hundreds of films, and fascinating private recollections, Dr. Manchel puts a human face both on popular culture and race relations.

“Using the method of oral history and the mature thinking of a senior scholar, Exits and Entrances enhances our understanding of the difficult slog to create a truthful, ‘round’ image of African-Americans in U.S. commercial films. This collection is a gold mine of information for future research and should be in all libraries which value film research.” —Peter C. Rollins, Emeritus Editor-in-Chief of Film & History

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