Hedonism: The Pursuit and Philosophy of Pleasure as a Way of Life

Hedonism, at its core, is the philosophy that pleasure is the highest good and the ultimate goal of human life. Its allure lies in the simplicity of its premise: that the pursuit of pleasure, whether physical, emotional, or intellectual, is essential to living a fulfilling life. This view is not just a modern indulgence but has deep roots in the history of philosophy, tracing back to the ancient Greeks, who were the first to systematically explore the nature of pleasure and its role in human existence.

The term “hedonism” derives from the Greek word hēdonē, meaning pleasure, and throughout history, philosophers have debated whether this pursuit is inherently selfish or whether it can contribute to the greater good. The Greek philosopher Aristippus of Cyrene is often credited with being one of the first to advocate for a form of hedonism, suggesting that the ability to master one’s pleasures was the key to happiness. On the other hand, Epicurus, another Greek philosopher, argued that the pursuit of simple pleasures, rather than indulgence in excess, leads to the greatest happiness. These foundational ideas have sparked ongoing discussions about the nature of pleasure and how it fits into the human quest for meaning.

In the centuries that followed, hedonism evolved in different directions. During the Enlightenment, thinkers like Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill reinterpreted hedonism through the lens of utilitarianism, positing that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the guiding principle of ethical decision-making. Today, hedonism is often understood not only as a personal pursuit of pleasure but also as a cultural phenomenon that shapes modern consumerism, self-care movements, and even digital experiences.

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Buku audio : 24 Desember 2024