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Michael Kennedy

Talk Python to Me is a weekly podcast hosted by developer and entrepreneur Michael Kennedy. We dive
 deep into the popular packages and software developers, data scientists, and incredible hobbyists doing
 amazing things with Python. If you're new to Python, you'll quickly learn the ins and outs of the community
 by hearing from the leaders. And if you've been Pythoning for years, you'll learn about your favorite
 packages and the hot new ones coming out of open source.

Talk Python To Me

You ask an AI a question and it answers with total confidence. Most of the time, a confidently wrong answer is just an annoyance. But what if the question is medical, and there's a real patient on the other end? In that world, a hallucination isn't a bug, it's a patient-safety event. Sumit Gundawar is a London-based software engineer who builds the clinical platform for a UK longevity and aesthetic-medicine clinic, and his whole argument is that in high-stakes AI, the model is the easy part. Earning trust is the real engineering. We dig into grounding, refusal logic, human-in-the-loop design, and the messy frontier of longevity and biohacking, plus a live demo of an assistant that refuses to answer when it can't back up the claim. Let's get into it.

Episode sponsors

Six Feet Up

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guest

Sumit Gundawar: linkedin.com

Course transcripts announcement: talkpython.fm/blog

Sumit Gundawar - JAX London Speaker: jaxlondon.com

Anthropic: anthropic.com

OpenAI Platform: platform.openai.com

Anthropic: anthropic.com

LangChain: langchain.com

OWASP: owasp.org

Pydantic: pydantic.dev

EU AI Act - Regulatory Framework: digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu

HIPAA - HHS: www.hhs.gov

NHS: www.nhs.uk

Llama: llama.com

Qwen - QwenLM on GitHub: github.com

OpenAI Platform: platform.openai.com

Hugging Face: huggingface.co

Llama: llama.com

Granola: www.granola.ai

HIPAA - HHS: www.hhs.gov

CodeRabbit: www.coderabbit.ai

Cursor Origin: cursor.com

GitHub Status: www.githubstatus.com

Midjourney Medical: www.midjourney.com

Neko Health: www.nekohealth.com

CERN: home.cern

ATLAS Experiment: atlas.cern

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #554 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/554

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#554: Trustworthy AI in Healthcare and Longevity

This episode is a fun crossover from our Python news and tips podcast, Python Bytes. We have had some big changes over there. Brian Okken has moved on and Calvin Hendryx-Parker has joined the show as the new co-host. To kick off this new era, we decided to do a longer and more personal episode called "All Our Tools". The idea is both of us talk about some of our most useful day-to-day developer and business owner tools that we think you all would find useful. It was so well received, that I'm bringing it to you all as a crossover episode. Enjoy and we hope you find something new and awesome to help you with your software and data science day to day.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Python in Production

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
@calvinhp@sixfeetup.social: sixfeetup.social

@calvinhp.com: bsky.app

calvinhp.com: calvinhp.com

Original airing on Python Bytes: pythonbytes.fm

pi: pi.dev

superpowers: github.com

Warp.dev: Warp.dev

OhMyZSH: ohmyz.sh

Commandbookapp.com: Commandbookapp.com

Blink: blink.sh

kitty: sw.kovidgoyal.net

mosh: mosh.org

tmux: github.com

Claude code: www.anthropic.com

Claude.md: Claude.md

MacWhisper: goodsnooze.gumroad.com

Handy: handy.computer

Tailscale: tailscale.com

Talk Python episode with Alex: talkpython.fm

Telescopo: www.telescopo.app

Typora markdown: typora.io

formal documentation for many of my open source packages: mkennedy.codes

Great Docs: posit-dev.github.io

Statement on the US government directive to suspend access to Fable 5 and Mythos 5: www.anthropic.com

No second date: x.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #553 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/553

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#553: All of our tools

OpenAI just acquired Astral, the company behind uv, Ruff, and ty. And if your first thought was "wait, is uv toast?", you are not alone. But here's the twist Charlie Marsh shared with me: he thinks they may ship more open source at OpenAI than they ever did at Astral. On this episode, we get into the acquisition, the mixed feelings, the future of your favorite Python tools, and what it's like to build right at the center of the AI universe.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guest

Charlie Marsh: github.com

The announcement: astral.sh

OpenAI: openai.com

uv: github.com

ty: github.com

Ruff: github.com

pyx: astral.sh

Codex team: openai.com

Anthropic did something similar by acquiring Bun: www.anthropic.com

Daily Stars Explorer: emanuelef.github.io

Agentic AI Programming for Python: training.talkpython.fm

Python Web Security: OWASP Top 10 with Agentic AI: training.talkpython.fm

Episode #552 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/552

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#552: Astral joins OpenAI

If you've ever been to PyCon, you know one of the best parts of the expo hall is Startup Row, a stretch of booths where early-stage companies built on Python show off what they're creating. But only attendees get to walk that lane, so let's bring it to everyone. In this episode, we stroll down Startup Row together. We kick things off with the organizers, Jason and Shay, who share the program's origin story going back to Paul Graham and the PSF, plus some surprising stats, including two unicorns among the alumni. Then we meet five startups: Tetrix, bringing AI to institutional investing in private markets. Arcjet, security that lives inside your app as an SDK. Phemeral.dev, serverless hosting built for Python web apps. CapiscIO, an identity and authority layer for AI agents. And Pixeltable, a multimodal database from Marcel Kornacker, co-creator of Apache Parquet. See if you can spot the theme running through them all. Let's go for a walk.

Episode sponsors

AgentField AI

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Naunidh Bhalla: linkedin.com

Grant Gittes: linkedin.com

Marcel Kornacker: linkedin.com

Beon de Nood: linkedin.com

Chinmaya Joshi: linkedin.com

David Mytton: linkedin.com

Shea Tate-Di Donna: linkedin.com

Jason Rowley: linkedin.com

Azul Garza: github.com

Renée Rosillo: linkedin.com

Tetrix: tetrix.co

Tetrix Jobs: tetrix.co

Arcjet: arcjet.com

Pixeltable: pixeltable.com

Phemeral.dev: phemeral.dev

CapiscIO: capisc.io

Episode #551 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/551

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#551: Stroll Down Startup Lane - 2026

You wake up, brew the coffee, open GitHub, and there it is. Another pull request on your open source project. Thirteen thousand lines added. No issue filed first. No discussion. Just "here, please review this for me."

Over the past year, GitHub activity has spiked roughly twelve times in a few short months, and a huge chunk of that signal is landing on the same small group of maintainers who were already stretched thin. The curl bug bounty got buried under AI-generated noise. Jazzband, the home of Django classics like pip-tools and the Django debug toolbar, hit what its maintainer called an "apocalypse" and started sunsetting. Even CPython just shipped fresh guidelines on AI-assisted contributions this week.

So what does all of this actually look like from the receiving end of the pull request?

On this episode, Paolo Melchiorre joins us to tell that story from inside the maintainer's chair. Paolo is a director of the Django Software Foundation, an organizer of PyCon Italy, a Django Girls coach, and he has spent the past year carefully collecting examples of how AI is reshaping open source contributions. The good, the bad, and the extra fingers.

We dig into his PyCon US talk on AI-assisted contributions and maintainer load, why AI is best understood as an amplifier rather than a new kind of contributor, the wildly different policies across 86 open source foundations, whether projects banning AI today are reacting to last year's models.

Episode sponsors

AgentField AI

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guest

Paolo Melchiorre: github.com

DSF: www.djangoproject.com

djangonaut-space: djangonaut.space

PyCon Italia: 2026.pycon.it

uDjango: github.com

My PyCon US 2026 post: www.paulox.net

AI-Assisted Contributions and Maintainer Load: www.paulox.net

Senior Engineer Tries Vibe Coding: www.youtube.com

Code Rabbit AI PR Reviews: www.coderabbit.ai

GitHub Usage Graphs: github.blog

Update on CPython's AI Policies: fosstodon.org

High-Quality Chaos from Curl: daniel.haxx.se

The Generative AI Policy Landscape in Open Source: redmonk.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #550 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/550

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#550: AI Contributions and Maintainer Load in Open Source

Your documentation has two audiences now - humans reading the rendered HTML, and AI agents trying to make sense of your library. Rich Iannone and Michael Chow from Posit are back on Talk Python with a brand new Python documentation tool called Great Docs that takes both seriously. Rich is the creator of Great Tables, and before that the R package GT, the man has a serious eye for design, and he's pointed that energy at the Python docs ecosystem. We'll talk about how Great Docs spins up a polished site in three commands, why every page ships as Markdown for your favorite LLM, how it leans on Quarto for executable code blocks and tabbed install sections, and where it lands against Sphinx, MkDocs, and Zensical. Plus, you'll meet Tablin. Here we go.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Temporal

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Michael Chow: github.com

Rich lannone: github.com

Python Web Security with OWASP Top 10 and Agentic AI Course: talkpython.fm

Great Docs: posit-dev.github.io/great-docs

Great Tables: posit-dev.github.io

GT Episode: talkpython.fm

Sphinx: www.sphinx-doc.org

mkdocs: www.mkdocs.org

Zensical: zensical.org

Hugo: gohugo.io

Ghost: ghost.org

Rs pkgdown: pkgdown.r-lib.org

Quarto: quarto.org

quickstart: posit-dev.github.io

llms.txt file: llmstxt.org

llms.txt: talkpython.fm

mcp: talkpython.fm

cli: talkpython.fm

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #549 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/549

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#549: Great Docs

What if your database worked more like Git? Every change captured as an immutable event you can replay, instead of a single mutating row that quietly forgets its own history. That's event sourcing, and Chris May is back on Talk Python, fresh off our Datastar panel, to walk us through what it actually looks like in Python. We'll cover the core patterns, the libraries to reach for, when not to use it, and why event sourcing turns out to be a surprisingly good fit for AI-assisted coding.

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

Temporal

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guest

Chris May: everydaysuperpowers.dev

Intro to event sourcing e-book: everydaysuperpowers.gumroad.com

Domain-Driven Design: The Power of CQRS and Event Sourcing: How CQRS/ES Redefine Building Scalable System: ricofritzsche.me

DDD: www.amazon.com

Understanding Eventsourcing (Martin Dilger): www.amazon.com

Event Sourcing Explained using Football Video: www.youtube.com

Why I finally embraced event sourcing and why you should too article: everydaysuperpowers.dev

valkey: valkey.io

diskcache: talkpython.fm

eventsourcing package: github.com

eventsourcing docs: eventsourcing.readthedocs.io

John Bywater: github.com

Datastar: data-star.dev

Microconf: microconf.com

Event Modeling & Event Sourcing Podcast: podcast.eventmodeling.org

Python Package Guides for AI Agents: github.com

Iodine tablets AI joke: x.com

KurrentDb: www.kurrent.io

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #548 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/548

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#548: Event Sourcing Design Pattern

When OpenAI trained GPT-3, they didn't roll their own orchestration layer. They used Ray, an open source Python framework born out of the same Berkeley research lab lineage that gave us Apache Spark. And here's the twist: Ray was originally built for reinforcement learning research, then quietly faded as RL hit a wall. Until ChatGPT showed up. Suddenly reinforcement learning was back, as the post-training step that turns a raw language model into something genuinely useful.

Edward Oakes and Richard Liaw, two founding engineers behind Ray and Anyscale, join me on Talk Python to tell that story. We'll trace Ray from its RISE Lab origins at UC Berkeley to powering some of the largest training runs in the world. We'll talk about what Ray actually is, a distributed execution engine for AI workloads, and how a few lines of Python become work running across hundreds of GPUs. We'll cover Ray Data for multimodal pipelines, the dashboard, the VS Code remote debugger, KubRay for Kubernetes, and where Ray fits alongside Dask, multiprocessing, and asyncio.

If you've ever stared at a single-machine Python script and thought, "there has to be a better way to scale this", this one's for you

Episode sponsors

Sentry Error Monitoring, Code talkpython26

AgentField AI

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guests

Richard Liaw: github.com

Edward Oakes: github.com

Ray: www.ray.io

Example code (we used for walk-through): docs.ray.io

Getting Started with Ray: docs.ray.io

Ray Libraries: docs.ray.io

kuberay: github.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #547 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/547

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#547: Parallel Python at Anyscale with Ray

The cloud is convenient until it isn't. You upload your photos, sync your contacts, click through the cookie banners. Then prices go up again or you read about a family that lost their entire Google account over a medical photo sent to a doctor. At some point, the question shifts from "why would I run this myself?" to "why aren't I?"

My guest this week is Alex Kretzschmar, head of DevRel at Tailscale, longtime host of the Self-Hosted podcast, and co-founder of Linuxserver.io. We cover what self-hosting really means in 2026, the apps worth running yourself like Immich and Home Assistant, why Docker Compose ties it all together, and how Tailscale lets you reach any of it from anywhere, without opening a single port. If you've been thinking about pulling your digital life back behind your own walls, this is your roadmap.

Episode sponsors

Temporal

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
Guest

Alex Kretzschmar: alex.ktz.me

Bitflip podcast: bitflip.show

Self-Hosted podcast (Alex's previous show): selfhosted.show

Perfect Media Server: perfectmediaserver.com

KTZ Systems on YouTube: youtube.com/@ktzsystems

Linuxserver.io (co-founded by Alex): linuxserver.io

"How Tailscale Works" blog post: tailscale.com/blog/how-tailscale-works

https://tailscale.com/: tailscale.com

Self-hosted apps discussed

Awesome Self-Hosted (GitHub list): github.com

Immich (Google Photos alternative): immich.app

Home Assistant: home-assistant.io

Open Home Foundation: openhomefoundation.org

Plausible Analytics: plausible.io

Umami Analytics: umami.is

Python integration for umami: pypi.org

Pi-hole: pi-hole.net

AdGuard Home: adguard.com

NextDNS: nextdns.io

Coolify: coolify.io

Docker + ufw: docs.docker.com

Storage, backup & filesystem

OpenZFS: openzfs.org

ZFS.rent (offsite ZFS replication): zfs.rent

Backblaze: backblaze.com

Hetzner Storage Box: hetzner.com

DigitalOcean: digitalocean.com

Secrets management mentioned

OpenBao (open-source Vault fork): openbao.org

HashiCorp Vault: hashicorp.com

Bitwarden: bitwarden.com

1Password: 1password.com

Hardware mentioned

Proxmox VE: proxmox.com

Minisforum MS01: minisforum.com

Zima Board / Zima OS: zimaspace.com

Other references

Cory Doctorow on "enshittification" (Cory's blog where he coined the term): pluralistic.net

Linus Tech Tips' WAN Show (Linus mentioned NAS-building going mainstream): linustechtips.com

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #546 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/546

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#546: Self hosting apps for Python people

The OWASP Top 10 just got a fresh update, and there are some big changes: supply chain attacks, exceptional condition handling, and more. Tanya Janca is back on Talk Python to walk us through every single one of them. And we're not just talking theory, we're going to turn Claude Code loose on a real open source project and see what it finds. Let's do it.

Episode sponsors

Temporal

Talk Python Courses

Links from the show
DevSec Station Podcast: www.devsecstation.com

SheHacksPurple Newsletter: newsletter.shehackspurple.ca

owasp.org: owasp.org

owasp.org/Top10/2025: owasp.org

from here: github.com

Kinto: github.com

A01:2025 - Broken Access Control: owasp.org

A02:2025 - SecuA02 Security Misconfiguration: owasp.org

ASP.NET: ASP.NET

A03:2025 - Software Supply Chain Failures: owasp.org

A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures: owasp.org

A05:2025 - Injection: owasp.org

A06:2025 - Insecure Design: owasp.org

A07:2025 - Authentication Failures: owasp.org

A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures: owasp.org

A09:2025 - Security Logging and Alerting Failures: owasp.org

A10 Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions: owasp.org

https://github.com/KeygraphHQ/shannon: github.com

anthropic.com/news/mozilla-firefox-security: www.anthropic.com

generalpurpose.com/the-distillation/claude-mythos-what-it-means-for-your-business: www.generalpurpose.com

Python Example Concepts: blobs.talkpython.fm

Watch this episode on YouTube: youtube.com

Episode #545 deep-dive: talkpython.fm/545

Episode transcripts: talkpython.fm

Theme Song: Developer Rap

🥁 Served in a Flask 🎸: talkpython.fm/flasksong

---== Don't be a stranger ==---

YouTube: youtube.com/@talkpython

Bluesky: @talkpython.fm

Mastodon: @talkpython@fosstodon.org

X.com: @talkpython

Michael on Bluesky: @mkennedy.codes

Michael on Mastodon: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org

Michael on X.com: @mkennedy

#545: OWASP Top 10 (2025 List) for Python Devs

See the full show notes for this episode on the website at talkpython.fm/245

#245: Python packaging landscape in 2020

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