The biggest sports league in history had a problem: While most of its players were Black, almost none of its head coaches were. So the N.F.L. launched a hiring policy called the Rooney Rule. In the first episode of a two-part series, we look at how the rule succeeded — until it failed.
SOURCES:N. Jeremi Duru • , professor of law at American University. Herm Edwards • , former N.F.L. player and head coach. Jim Rooney • , author and co-partner of Rooney Consulting.
RESOURCES:A Different Way to Win: Dan Rooney's Story from the Super Bowl to the Rooney Rule, • by Jim Rooney (2019). • " For ASU's Herm Edwards, Sports Bubble Helped to Overcome Racism Growing Up • ," by Jeff Metcalfe ( The Arizona Republic, • 2018). Advancing the Ball: Race, Reformation, and the Quest for Equal Coaching Opportunity in the NFL, • by N. Jeremi Duru (2010). • " Differences in the Success of NFL Coaches by Race, 1990-2002: Evidence of Last Hire, First Fire • ," by Janice Madden ( Journal of Sports Economics, • 2004).
EXTRAS: • " When Is a Superstar Just Another Employee? • " by Freakonomics Radio • (2023). • " How Much Does Discrimination Hurt the Economy? (Replay) • ," by Freakonomics Radio • (2023).
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